Bicycle and Pedestrian Transportation Pathfinder

Resources for Researchers, Practitioners, Students and Community Members

Over the past few decades, the topics of pedestrian safety and bicycle transportation have moved increasingly to the forefront. The United States, long considered a perfect fit for the automobile industry because of its relatively expansive countryside, is now a breeding ground for bicyclist and trails enthusiasts. European, Asian, Australian and other countries have pursued bicycle transportation and pedestrian-friendly cities even longer.

This guide provides a list of bicycle and pedestrian transportation resources. Many of these resources are readily available at the Portland State University Library. The guide was originally published as a print guide titled Current American and International Monographs on Bicycle and Pedestrian Transportation. It was written by Nancy Peate, MLS, in March of 2008. The pathfinder has been updated and revised from its original form and will be updated annually. If you have recommendations or suggestions for inclusion in this pathfinder please send them to rosej@pdx.edu.

This research was initiated and supervised by Rose Jackson, Reference Librarian to the College of Urban and Public Affairs at Portland State University, in conjunction with Lynn Weigand PhD, the Director of the Initiative for Bicycle and Pedestrian Innovation (IBPI) at Portland State University.

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Pedestrians

Improving the Pedestrian Environment Through Innovative Transportation Design (2005). Boroski, J., Seskin, S. & Sweeney, P. of Brinckerhoff, Parsons. Institute of Transportation Engineers.

This report examines innovations in transportation design for pedestrians. Case studies illustrate what communities such as Boulder and New York are doing to plan, design, and enhance pedestrian infrastructure. Covers pedestrian safety awareness programs; pedestrian and bicycle bridges and tunnels; pedestrian and bicycle corridors.

Context Sensitive Solutions in Designing Major Urban Thoroughfares for Walkable Communities (2005). Institute of Transportation Engineers.

An ITE Proposed Recommended Practice. Focuses on applying the principles of CSS in transportation planning and the design of roadway improvement projects in places where community objectives support walkable communities-compact development, mixed land uses and support for pedestrians and bicyclists.

Alternative Treatments for At-Grade Pedestrian Crossings (2001). Institute of Transportation Engineers.

The ITE Pedestrian and Bicycle Task force prepared this report on crosswalks. Summarizes studies on pedestrian crossings and the various treatments currently in use by local agencies in the U.S., Canada, Europe, New Zealand and Australia to improve crossing safety for pedestrians.

Designing for Pedestrians: A Guide to Good Practice (2006). Essex County Council.

Sets out technical guidance for designers and engineers on facilities for an enhanced walking environment for all. Focuses particularly on improving the walking environment to give greater access to persons with mobility impairment.

The post-automobile city : Legal mechanisms to establish the pedestrian-friendly city (2004). Kushner, J.

The automobile in American society : political economy and geography -- Advantages of the automobile -- Disadvantages of the automobile -- Toward the post-automobile city -- Post-automobile implementation strategies.

Accommodating the Pedestrian : Adapting Towns and Neighborhoods for Walking and Bicycling (1984). Untermann, R.

Pedestrians and Bicycles 2006, Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board (TRR: Journal), No. 1982 (2006). Various.

Contains 24 papers on the subject of pedestrians and bicycles.

The Pedestrian and City Traffic (1990). Hass-Klau, Carmen.

Urban Space for Pedestrians: A Quantitative Approach (1975). Pushkarev, Boris & Zupan, Jeffrey M.

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Urban Transportation

Ten Principles for Successful Development Around Transit (2003). Dunphy, R. Urban Land Institute.

A checklist for the development of pedestrian-scale communities suitable for public transportation, either now or in the future. The principles are useful for transit agencies, to ensure that nearby development will generate sufficient numbers of riders to support transit, and that transit will indeed enhance the community.

Urban Transportation Systems   (2002). Grava, S. McGraw-Hill Professional.

Common criteria for selecting urban transportation modes in 16 chapters devoted to the various modes, including walking, bicycles, motorcycles and scooters automobiles, taxis, buses, bus rapid transit, trolleybuses, streetcars and light rail transit, monorails, heavy rail transit, commuter rail, automated guideway transit, waterborne modes, and special modes. 840 pages.

Car Sick: Solutions for Our Car-addicted Culture (2006). Sloman, L. Green Books.

Copenhagen’s decision to create pedestrian streets in the city centre has made it an outdoor theatre. From small towns like Langenlois in Austria, to the centre of London, de-motorisation is transforming urban surroundings. A passionate, well-argued case for moving away from a car centered to a people-centered society.

Sustainable Transport: Planning for Walking and Cycling in Urban Environments (2003). Tolley, Rodney, Editor. Woodhead Publishing in Environmental Management.

Comprehensive handbook covering sustainable transport initiatives worldwide. Focuses on walking and cycling as alternatives to motorized transport systems. Presents practical advice on how to encourage sustainable transport schemes. Case study analysis from Europe, North America and Australia. For urban and transport planners, architects, local and national government officers, environmental agencies world wide and all those concerned with environmental management.

Implementing Sustainable Urban Travel Policies. National Peer Review: The Netherlands (2001). European Conference of Ministers of Transport.

Undertaken during the preparation of the recently approved National Traffic and Transport Plan of the Netherlands (2000), this report is an evaluation of Dutch urban travel policy that is based on the findings of an ECMT team of peer experts during their study visit to the Netherlands in June 1999.

Implementing Sustainable Urban Travel Policies (2004). Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).

Overview of policies at the national level for promoting cycling. This report was presented to the ECMT ministers at their Ljubljana Council in 2004.

Transportation in America  (2007). Eno Foundation.

Describes the movement of people and goods along America's highways, railroads, waterways, on public transit, and by air. First published 50 years ago.

In Transit : Mobility, City Culture and Urban Development in Rotterdam (2003). Meurs, P., & Verheijen, M., Editors.

Rotterdam's history has left it marked by movement and transit. The cityscape is defined by waterways, bridges, streets, arterial canals, avenues and a rhomboid motorway system. The city serves as a good case study and illustration of the relationship between mobility and urban development. 192 pages.

Alleviating Urban Traffic Congestion (CESifo Book Series) (2005). Arnett, R.

Combined analysis of parking and traffic. Includes a chapter on "Bicycle Commuting."

Sustainability and Cities : Overcoming Automobile Dependence (1999). Newman, P. & Kenworthy, J.

Examines the urban aspect of sustainability issues, arguing that cities are a necessary focus for that global agenda. The essential character of a city's land use results from how it manages its transportation.

National Policies to Promote Cycling: Implementing Sustainable Urban Travel Policies (2004). Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).

Overview of policies at the national level for promoting cycling. Presented to the ECMT ministers at their Ljubljana Council in 2004.

Cities and Automobile Dependence: An International Sourcebook (1989). Newman, P. & Kenworthy, J.

Survey of major cities around the world; compares liveability and dependence on the automobile for personal mobility. 442 pp.

Suburban Nation : The Rise of Sprawl and the Decline of the American Dream (2000). Duany, A., Plater-Zyberk, E., & and Speck, J.

Calls for a revolution in suburban design that emphasizes neighborhoods in which homes, schools, commercial and municipal buildings are integrated in pedestrian-accessible, safe and friendly settings.

Health and community design : The impact of the built environment on physical activity (2003). Engelke, P., Frank, L., & Schmid, T.

How land-use patterns influence decisions to walk or ride a bike. Why urban and suburban development should be designed to promote moderate types of physical activity. Explores how different settings make it easier to incorporate walking and bicycling into everyday activities.

Pedestrian Malls, Streetscapes, and Urban Spaces(1992). Rubenstein, H.

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Streets / Roads / Traffic Safety

Creating Livable Streets: Street Design Guidelines for 2040 (2002). Metro Regional Transportation Planning.

New edition has illustrations and photographs of designs that integrate streets with nearby land uses to enhance safety and promote community livability. It addresses how to upgrade streets with pedestrian-oriented amenities; how to integrate bikeways into streets; and how to control site access along regional arterials to improve safety, function, and appearance. A tool for planners, engineers, citizens, and others concerned with creating safer, more livable streets.

Streets and the Shaping of Towns and Cities (2003). Southworth, M., & Ben-Joseph, E.

Traces ideas about street design and layout back to the early industrial era in London suburbs and through their institutionalisation in housing and transportation planning in the United States. 185 pages.

Residential Streets (2001). Kulash, Walter M.

Presents innovative techniques for making residential streets more pedestrian- and cyclist-friendly. Covers conventional street design issues—hierarchies, curbs, drainage, intersections, and pavements.

Civilizing Downtown Highways: Putting New Urbanism to Work on California's Highways (2002). Pulleyblank, S. Congress for New Urbanism.

Using California as a case study, discusses the struggle New Urbanists face in reconstructing inner-city super highways into walkable, business friendly, thoroughfares.

Safety in Road Traffic for Vulnerable Users (2000). European Conference of Ministers of Transport.

Between 1997 and 1999 the ECMT issued three reports and three resolutions on safety in road traffic for vulnerable users, namely cyclists, pedestrians and users of two-wheeled motorized vehicles (mopeds and motorcycles). These studies, in addition to road safety itself, takes into account the demographic trend in ECMT countries - population aging - and the issues of mobility, land use planning, the environment and public health.

The High Cost of Free Parking (2005). Shoup, D.

“Parking requirements subsidize cars, distort transportation choices, warp urban form, increase housing costs, debase urban design, damage the economy, and degrade the environment.”

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Bicycles / Bicycle Commuting / Bicycle Trails

Integration of Bicycles and Transit (2005). Transportation Research Board.

This synthesis updates TCRP Synthesis of Transit Practice 4: Integration of Bicycles and Transit. Since the 1994 publication of that report there has been significant growth in bicycle and transit services. Of interest to transit agencies; state, regional, and local transportation policy makers; elected officials, and bicycle and transit planners and advocates.

Technical Handbook of Bikeway Design, 3rd Edition (2006). Vélo Québec.

This third revised and expanded edition describes how to plan successful, effective bikeways. Includes paths, lanes, shared roadways, intersection design, multiuse trails and infrastructure maintenance. New concepts are also explained: traffic calming, contraflow bike lanes, bike boulevards, etc. 132 pp.

Designing for Cyclists: A Guide to Good Practice (2006). Essex County Council.

Current design advice for improving cycle facilities. Outlines the legal processes necessary to introduce cycling facilities.

Guide for the Development of Bicycle Facilities, 3rd Edition (1999). AASHTO Task Force on Geometric Design.

Provides information on the development of new facilities to encourage safe bicycle travel.

Bicycle Transportation (1994). Forester, J.

Outlines the process of cycling transportation design and recommends a cycling transportation program solidly based on experience, traffic studies, and roadway design standards. This edition includes new chapters on city planning, integration with mass transit, and traffic calming.

Trails for the Twenty-First Century : Planning, Design, and Management Manual for Multi-Use Trails (2001). Flink, C., Olka, K., Searns, R.; Rails-to-Trails Conservancy.

Communities across the country are converting railway and canal corridors into trails for pedestrians, cyclists, horseback riders, and others. Multi-use trails can play a key role in improving liveability, as they offer a means of addressing sprawl, revitalising urban areas, and reusing degraded lands. 210 pages.

Innovative Bicycle Treatments (2002). Jumana, M. & Nabti, M.

An Informational Report of the Institute of Transportation Engineers (ITE) and the ITE Pedestrian and Bicycle Council.

Planning for Cycling: Principles, Practice and Solutions for Urban Planners (2002). McClinton, H. CRC Press.

Successful cycling planning depends on improving infrastructure and education about the benefits of increasing cycle usage. Examines national strategies and local initiatives around the world. Covers the creation of 'homezones', existing road and rail infrastructure, and the integration of cycling with public transport.

Greening of Urban Transport: Planning for Walking and Cycling in Western Cities (1993). Tolley, Rodney S. (Editor)

How to Live Well Without Owning a Car : Save Money, Breathe Easier, and Get More Mileage Out of Life (2006). Balish, C.

The car-free way to financial freedom -- The environmental cost of cars -- Car-free commuting -- Should you move closer to work? -- Mass transit -- Carpooling and ridesharing -- Bicycling -- Walking.

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City Planning

Transforming Cities: Revival in the Square (2004). Corbett, N.

The art of creating public spaces. Includes references to projects in the Netherlands and Seattle.

Designing Cities for People (2008). Fontana-Giusti, G., Editor.

Proposes methodologies and strategies based on studies of pedestrian culture. Central theme of walking and its relevance within culture and history. Depicts and analyses walking routes within cities, and their relevance to human experience, health and sustainability. The authors explore facets of spatial design such as urban dynamism, urban experience, way-finding, urban rooms and urban walls, and discuss how these strategies answer the question faced by every spatial planner today: how to create sustainable cities.

Planning Amsterdam: Scenarios for Urban Development 1928-2003 (2003). Jolles, A., Editor.

Since 1928, nine master plans have been created for the city of Amsterdam. The most recent, "Opting for Urbanity," was completed in 2003 by the city's Physical Planning Department. In this span of 75 years, the particular composition of urban space is still a subject of debate and discussion, a conversation mapped out in this book through words, images, and a series of topographies.

Green Urbanism : Learning from European Cities (2000). Beatley, T.

Explains what planners and local officials in the United States can learn from the sustainable city movement in Europe. Draws from extensive European experience, examining the progress and policies of twenty-five in eleven European countries, which Beatley researched during a year-long stay in the Netherlands.

False Flat: Why Dutch Design Is So Good (2004). Betsky, A.

Betsky's bicycle ride illustrates the long historical tradition of urban planning in the Netherlands. Gives a thorough overview and insight into the historical, political, social, esthetic, and cultural factors that have led Dutch design to become so highly regarded in the world. 400 pages.

Place Making : Developing Town Centers, Main Streets, and Urban Villages   (2002). Bohl, C.

One of the hottest trends in real estate is the development of town centers and urban villages that include a mix of uses in a pedestrian friendly setting. This book helps navigate the unique development issues and options and show you how to make all of the elements work together.

Carfree Cities (2002). Crawford, J.

Historical and contemporary references to precedents and ideological errors of 20th-century planning. Sets up the carfree city as the cornerstone of sustainable development.

New City Life (2006). Gehl, Gemzøe, Kirknæs & Søndergaard.Based on the comprehensive and detailed study of city life in Copenhagen over the past four decades conducted by the Center for Public Space Research at the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts.

Public Spaces, Public Life (1996). Gehl, J. & Gemzoe, L.

Describes the remarkable qualitative improvements which have taken place in central Copenhagen over the past 34 years, and how they have been accomplished, and is a handbook on how to create human qualities in the city.

Community by Design: New Urbanism for Suburbs and Small Communities (2001). Hall, K., & Porterfield, G.

Project profiles and comparisons of conventional suburbs and traditional neighborhood developments illustrate how streets, housing, open space, and land uses affect our sense of community. Pedestrians, drivers, transit users, and bicyclists are all considered; street connectivity, parking solutions, and pedestrian-friendly development are outlined.

Future Transport in Cities (2001). Richards, B.

Looks at current transportation systems and explores automated highways, covered cities, monorails, new elevated systems, smart cars, guided buses, as well as intelligent highways, and car-free housing. The importance of simple measures such as walking and cycling are an essential part of any future city. 176 pages.

The Sustainable Urban Development Reader (The Routledge Urban Reader Series) (2004). Wheeler, S.

Classic readings from a wide variety of sources to investigate how our cities and towns can become more sustainable. Includes an article titled "Bicycle Renaissance in North America?".

Impact (2005). Buurman, M.

Details the history of urban planning in Amsterdam after 1986, including commentary on some 15 major projects developed during that time. Dual language English / Dutch.

City Centre Planning and Public Transport: Case Studies From Britain, West Germany and France (1988). Simpson, Barry J.

Land Use and Transport (2007). Marshall, S. and Bannister, D. (Editors).

Focuses on the relationships between transport and land use planning. Chapters on promoting cycling for public health, promotion of walking as a complex interdisciplinary task.

Smart Growth in a Changing World (2007) Barnett, J.

United States' hidden growth crisis and how balanced transportation and natural resource preservation can put urban development on a sustainable path. Case studies in Florida and the Northeast as well as proposals for green cities, mixed-use centers, walkable neighborhoods, and planning policies.

The New Transit Town : Best Practices in Transit-Oriented Development (2004). Dittmar, H. & Ohland, G., Editors.

Explores the key challenges to transit-oriented development, examines the lessons learned from the first generation of projects, and examines a broad spectrum of projects to set standards for the next generation.

Highway and the City (1964). Mumford, L.

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Other Resources

The Bicyclist's Dilemma In African Cities (n.d.) Mozer, D. International Bicycle Fund (IBF).

The bicycle seems ideal transportation for many in Africa cities: most are flat, trip distances are short and money for private vehicles and public transit is scarce. But generally bicycles are underused in Africa. The International Bicycle Fund's paper examines this situation and the costs to individuals, society and the environment from not doing more to encourage bicycle use. 26 pages.

Transportation, Bicycles And Development In Africa: Progression or Regression (n.d.) Mozer, D. International Bicycle Fund (IBF).

Transportation in Africa is primarily by foot. Is encouraging bicycles progressive or regressive? In urban areas a large percentage of people live below the poverty level. They must get to work, school, medical services and markets. In evaluating the issue of mobility, Mozer considers the role of the bicycle. 18 pages.

Transportation Patterns In Nairobi And Programs To Improve Opportunities For Bicycling (n.d.) Mozer, D. International Bicycle Fund (IBF).

Looks at the history of transportation in Nairobi that has lead to the present day traffic jams and deteriorating air quality; why bicycling has decreased since independence; and what might be done to encourage people ­friendly and environment-friendly transportation programs.

Streets and Sidewalks, People and Cars: The Citizens’ Guide to Traffic Calming (2000). Burden, Dan. Local Government Commission Center for Livable Communities.

Written for residents who want to create safer streets. This hands-on guide gives citizens tools to improve the safety of their residential and commercial streets. Details the collaborative public process through which community members and government officials diagnose problems and prioritize workable solutions. 52 pages.

The Future of Urban Transportation (2006). Eno Foundation.

Report on the Eno Transportation Foundation's 2006 Forum on the Future of Urban Transportation. Includes representatives from academia, government, business, and labor. Forum participants explore the trends affecting urban mobility and identified specific actions to address increasing pressures on the nation's transportation systems.

Community Rules: A New England Guide to Smart Growth Strategies (2002). Heart, B., Humstone, E., Irwin, T., Levine, S., & Weisbord, D. Conservation Law Foundation.

A guide for zoning board members, planners, and citizens working toward smart growth in their communities. Examples of communities in New England and elsewhere that have used planning, zoning, and permitting to steer pedestrian-friendly, mixed-use development into town centers; sustain farming and forestry lands.

Pedestrian Safety (Progress in Technology) (2004). Holt, D. SAE International.

What can vehicle manufacturers do to reduce pedestrian fatalities? Research focused on methods to sense the presence of pedestrians and warn drivers of their location, and ways to design vehicles that can help not only adults survive an impact between them and a vehicle but also children.

The Art of Urban Cycling: Lessons from the Street (2004). Hurst, R. Falcon.

The book's concern is safety, but goes beyond to history, psychology, sociology, and economics. It empowers readers with the Big Picture of urban cycling--and gives urban cyclists useful insights to consider while pedaling the next commute or grocery run.

Experimental Road Crossing Features for Visually Impaired Pedestrians (1995). Edwards, M. & Savill, T.

Crossing the road is a difficult task for many visually impaired pedestrians. In this report, metal 'Z's were installed on the crossing pole of a Zebra crossing to help pedestrians identify the crossing type (i.e., a Zebra rather than any other type of crossing). In addition, two sounds were tested to determine whether they helped to guide subjects to the Pelican control box, and comments were sought on a tactile map of the road-crossing layout.

Productive and Liveable Cities: Guidelines for Pedestrians and Bicycle Traffic in African Cities (2001). Langen, M. & de Tembele, R.

This study offers guidelines for pedestrian and bicycle traffic in African cities. The text is based on studies and test findings in pilot projects in Nairobi, Dar es Salaam, Eldoret and Morogoro between 1995 and 2000, as part of the World Bank Sub-Saharan Africa Transport Program (SSATP, urban component), financed by the Dutch Ministry of Development Co-operation (DGIS).

Amsterdam Zuidas / European Space (2005). Salet, W.G. & Majoor, S.J. (eds.).

The development of the Zuidas in the coming thirty years offers a strategic chance to furnish this regionalization of urbanity with a new, appealing structure.

Delineation for Cyclists and Visually Impaired Pedestrians on Segregated, Shared Routes (1997). Savill, T., Gallon, C., Mchardy, G.

Visually impaired pedestrians have reported problems with detecting the tactile central delineator used to separate cyclists from pedestrians on shared, segregated routes. This research tested the profile.

Traffic Safety and Human Behavior (2007). Shinar, D. Department of Industrial Engineering & Management, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.

The aim of the book is to present an assessment of highway safety from a ‘user-centered’ perspective. The user in this case is the driver, the cyclist, and the pedestrian. Discusses fatigue, aggression, personality, alcohol and drugs, on driving behavior and crashes. 826 pages.

Pedestrians' and Cyclists' Attitudes to Toucan Crossings (1997). Taylor, SB, Halliday, ME.

This research examines the public acceptability and understanding of prototype nearside signal aspects and call cancel facilities at Toucan Crossing sites.

Traffic and Transport Psychology (2005). Underwood, G. University of Nottingham, UK.

Fifty contributions on pedestrians, cyclists, older road users, novice drivers, emotion and personality, automation and information systems, driving performance, violation, rehabilitation and travel demand management. 656 pages.

Complete Streets (2007). American Institute of Certified Planners.

Make room for pedestrians, bicyclists, and transit users on your roads. The complete streets movement provides safe and convenient user access and more choice in transportation modes. Learn how communities overcome resistance and fund these programs. CD-ROM.

Context Sensitive Street Design (2003). APA Education.

Streets are vital in every community's design but remain an overlooked aspect of public space. Planners, preservationists, and engineers are rethinking the urban fabric of communities. Promising new approaches such as transit-oriented design, traditional neighborhood developments, and traffic calming are reshaping central cities and suburbs. CD-ROM.

Planning the Physically Active Community (2003). APA Education.

Explores the innovative steps communities are taking to encourage walking, bicycling, and other physical activity. CD-ROM.

Taking Steps: A Community Action Guide to People-Centred, Equitable and Sustainable Urban Transport (2000). Barter, P. & and Raad, T.

Introduces urban transport issues to a wider audience than just professional planners and experts. 120 pages. Also available online.

NSW Bicycle Guidelines (2005). Roads and Traffic Authority.

Guidelines designed to assist road designers, engineers, and planners to design and construct high-quality bicycle transport facilities in New South Wales.

Collection of Cycle Concepts (2000). Danish Roads Directorate.

A comprehensive Danish publication on cycling. It offers a wide ranging, yet detailed analysis and discussion on promotion, urban planning, facility design, signage and parking. Although some of it is specific to Denmark, much of the content is internationally relevant.

Cycling: the Way Ahead for Towns and Cities (1999). Dekoster, J. Schollaert, U.

Booklet. Synopsys not available.

Pedestrian-Friendly Schemes (2000). Einstein Network.

This video discusses the subject of walking and the problems facing walkers. It shows some examples of pedestrian-friendly schemes from Ealing Borough Council and Southend-on-Sea Borough Council.

A Population on the Move (2005). Vélo Québec.

This portrait of cycling in Québec attests to the vitality of a society in constant evolution. Based on various surveys, counts and inventories, this report discusses the benefits of cycling and how they relate to a host of environmental, health, economic and safety issues.

2006 Essential Guide to Bicycle and Pedestrian Safety Bicycling Crashes, Lanes, Access, Federal Funding, NHTSA, Federal Highway Administration, Turner-Fairbank Highway Research Center (CD-ROM) (2006). U.S. Government, Publisher.

Library of documents and publications covering bicycle and pedestrian safety, with material from the Federal Highway Administration, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, and the Turner-Fairbank Highway Research Center. CD-ROM.

Study of Disused Railways in England and Wales: Potential Cycle Routes (1982). Dept. of Transport.

The Bicycle Planning Book (1978). Hudson, M.

Bicycle Planning: Policy and Practice (1982). Hudson, M.

Public Streets for Public Use (1991). Moudon, Anne Vernez.

Toucan Crossings for Cyclists and Pedestrians (1993). Morgan, J.M.

Pedestrian Hobby-Horse, the: at the Dawn of Cycling (1998). Street, R. T. C.

The Facts about Child Pedestrian Accidents (1991). Thomson, J.

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Web Resources (Alphabetical)

Active Living by Design. Chapel Hills, North Carolina. National program of theRobert Wood Johnson Foundation.

Active Transportation. United States. Partnership of Bikes Belong, League of American Bicyclists, and Active Living by Design.

Association of Pedestrian and Bicycle Professionals (APBP). United States. Professional membership organization for the discipline of pedestrian and bicycle transportation.

America Bikes. United States. Collaborative effort of leaders of the bicycle community to advocate for bicycling in the next federal transportation funding bill. Funding for America Bikes is provided by Bikes Belong.

America Walks. United States. National coalition of local advocacy groups dedicated to promoting walkable communities.

American Planning Association. United States. Professional association organized to advance the art and science of planning and to foster the activity of planning.

American Public Transportation Association. United States. Members only bookstore.

Arcam. Amsterdam. The Amsterdam Centre for Architecture.

Bicycle Transportation Alliance. United States. Non-profit membership organization working to promote bicycling and improve bicycling conditions in Oregon and SW Washington.

Bicycle Use and Safety In Paris, Boston, and Amsterdam. Amsterdam.Paper presented at the 4th World Conference on Injury Prevention and Control in Amsterdam, The Netherlands, May 18, 1998. References checked; no books cited.

Bicycle Victoria. Victoria, Australia.

Bike Plan Source.Missoula, Montana. A non-motorized planning and project development firm based in Missoula, Montana.

BikePortland.org. Portland, Oregon.

Bikes Belong Coalition. United States. Formed in 1999 when U.S. bicycle companies worked together to maximize bike funding in TEA-21—the upcoming multi-year federal transportation bill.

BRE. UK. Research organisation delivering sustainability and innovation across the built environment.

Cairns Bicycle User Group. Australia.

City of Portland, DOT . Portland, Oregon.

Community Cycling Center. Portland, Oregon.

Complete the Streets. United States. Nationwide coalition asking planners, engineers and designers to build road networks for all citizens, whether young or old, motorist or bicyclist, walker or wheelchair user, bus rider or shopkeeper.

Congress for the New Urbanism. United States.

CSIRO Publishing. Australia. An independent science and technology publisher in Australia.

Cycle Oregon. Portland, Oregon.

Cycle Resource Centre. Australia. An initiative of the Australian National Cycling Strategy 2005-2010.

Earth Policy Institute, Washington, D.C. Washington, D.C..

Earthscan Limited / James and James.. UK. Publisher in environment science, technology and sustainable development. Based in UK.

Elsevier. Both US and outside the US. Includes Butterworth-Heinemann.

Eno Transportation Foundation. United States. Non-profit organization dedicated to all forms of transportation -- ground, air, and water. Founded in 1921 by William Phelps Eno.

Federal Highway Administration's Bicycle and Pedestrian Program Office. United States.

Florida Department of Transportation. Florida. Many valuable reports, all available online.

Idaho Transportation Department. Idaho.

Institute of Transportation Engineers. United States.

International Bicycle Fund. Seattle, Washington. A non-governmental, nonprofit, advocacy organization, promoting sustainable transport and international understanding.

League of Oregon Cities. United States.

Metro. Portland, Oregon.

National Center for Bicycling and Walking (NCBW). United States. Major program of the Bicycle Federation of America (BFA), a national, nonprofit whose mission is to create bicycle-friendly and walkable communities.

Nai Publishers. Rotterdam, The Netherlands. Specializing in the publication of books about architecture, urban design, spatial planning, contemporary art, photography and design.

npGreenway. Portland, Oregon.

OECD. Paris, France. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.

Oregon Biking, Cycling. Oregon.

Oregon DOT. Oregon.

Palgrave Macmillan. UK. United Kingdom’s largest independent publisher.

Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC). North Carolina.Staff at the University of North Carolina Highway Safety Research Center.

Planetizen. United States. Public-interest information exchange provided by Urban Insight for the urban planning, design, and development community.

Port of Portland. Portland, Oregon.

Riba Bookshops. UK. Owned by the Royal Institute of British Architects. Resource for books, contracts and forms on architecture, design and construction.

Roads and Traffic Authority (RTA). New South Wales.

Taylor and Francis, academic publishers. UK.

The Preservation Institute. Berkeley, California. Advocates of New Urbanism.

Thomas Telford Bookstore. London. Provider of information for professionals and academics in civil engineering and construction world-wide.

Transport Portland. Portland, Oregon.

Transportation Research Board. United States.

TSO (The Stationery Office) Information and Publishing. UK.

Urban Land Institute. United States.

Vélo Québec.Québec. Non-profit organization.

Vic Roads. Melbourne, Australia. Developed by VicRoads and the Victorian Bicycle Advisory Council.

Willamette Pedestrian Coalition. Portland, Oregon.

Woodhead Publishing for the Environment. Cambridge, England.

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Useful Search Terms

Alternative transportation
ASL Advanced Stop Lines
Blue bike lands
Bicycle facilities design
Bicycling
Bicycle trails
Bike box
Bike lanes
Bike paths
Bikes
Biking
Cycling
Land use, Urban
Local transit
New Urbanism
Pedestrian areas
Pedestrian facilities design
Pedestrians
Smart Planning / Smart Growth
Streets
Trail design
Trail planning
Trail transportation
Traffic congestion
Transit-oriented development
Transportation -- Planning
Urban planning
Urban transportation -- Planning
Urban transportation policy
Walking, walking trails